![]() ![]() Wampanoag men were mainly responsible for hunting and fishing, while women took care of farming and gathering wild fruits, nuts, berries, and shellfish. Women played an active role in many of the stages of food production and processing, so they had important socio-political, economic, and spiritual roles in their communities. The production of food among the Wampanoag was similar to that of many American Indian societies, and food habits were divided along gender lines. Women passed plots of land to their female descendants, regardless of their marital status. Men acted in most of the political roles for relations with other bands and tribes, as well as warfare. Women elders could approve selection of chiefs or sachems. They were also matrifocal: when a young couple married, they lived with the woman's family. The Wampanoag had a matrilineal system, like many indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands, in which women controlled property, and hereditary status was passed through the maternal line. Southern New England was populated by various tribes, so hunting grounds had strictly defined boundaries. Each community had authority over a well-defined territory from which the people derived their livelihood through a seasonal round of fishing, planting, harvesting, and hunting. The women cultivated varieties of the " three sisters" (maize, climbing beans, and squash) as the staples of their diet, supplemented by fish and game caught by the men. ![]() The men often traveled far north and south along the Eastern seaboard for seasonal fishing expeditions, and sometimes stayed in those distant locations for weeks and months at a time. The Wampanoag people were semi-sedentary, with seasonal movements between sites in southern New England. JSTOR ( April 2018) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification. The Seat of Metacom, or King Philip's seat, at Mount Hope Bay in Bristol, Rhode Island became the political center from which Metacomet began King Philip's War, the first intertribal war of Native American resistance to English settlement in North America. The Pokanoket were based at Sowams, near where Warren, Rhode Island, developed and on the peninsula where Bristol, Rhode Island, arose after King Philip's War. The earliest colonial records and reports used Pokanoket as the name of the tribe whose leaders (the Massasoit Ousemequin until 1661, his son Wamsutta from 1661–1662, and Metacom from 1662–1676) led the Wampanoag confederation at the time the English began settling southeastern New England. In 1616, John Smith referred to one of the Wampanoag tribes as the Pokanoket. Increase Mather first used it in 1676 to describe the alliance of tribes who fought against the English in King Philip's War. The word is a Lenape term for "Easterners" or literally "People of the Dawn," based on information provided by the people whom Block encountered in the lower Hudson Valley. Wampanoag probably derives from Wapanoos, first documented on Adriaen Block's 1614 map, which was the earliest European representation of the Wampanoag territory. Wampanoag people continue to live in their historical homelands and maintain aspects of their culture while adapting to changing socioeconomic needs of the mainstream society. The English sold many Wampanoag men into slavery in Bermuda, the West Indies, or on plantations and farms run by colonists in New England. The war resulted in the death of 40 percent of the surviving Wampanoag. More than 50 years later, Wampanoag Chief Sachem Metacom and his allies waged King Philip's War (1675–1676) against the colonists. Indigenous deaths from the epidemic allowed European colonists to more easily settle Massachusetts Bay Colony. From 1615 to 1619, a leptospirosis epidemic dramatically reduced the population of the Wampanoag and neighboring tribes. Their population numbered in the thousands 3,000 Wampanoag lived on Martha's Vineyard alone. Īt the time of their first English contact in the 17th century, the Wampanoag were a large confederation of at least 24 recorded tribes. The Wampanoag language is a dialect of Massachusett, a Southern New England Algonquian language. Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah).Today, two Wampanoag tribes are federally recognized: ![]() ![]() The Wampanoag ( / ˈ w ɑː m p ə n ɔː ɡ/), also rendered Wôpanâak, are a Native American people of the Northeastern Woodlands based in southeastern Massachusetts and parts of eastern Rhode Island, Their territory includes the islands of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket. Block's map of his 1614 voyage, with the first appearance of the term " New Netherland" ![]()
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